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Macdonald-Laurier Institute

Crisis of Conformity: The urgent need to restore open inquiry and free expression in Canada’s universities

Lindsay Shepherd documents how the rise of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) orthodoxy has transformed Canadian campuses into echo chambers.

July 16, 2025
in Domestic Policy, Latest News, Papers, Education, Reforming Universities
Reading Time: 4 mins read
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Crisis of Conformity: The urgent need to restore open inquiry and free expression in Canada’s universities

By Lindsay Shepherd
July 16, 2025

PDF of paper

Executive Summary | Sommaire (le français suit)

The post-secondary education system, once a bastion of open inquiry and debate, is increasingly dominated by ideological conformity. Free speech is stifled, and critical thinking is losing ground.

This decline isn’t just a cultural issue – it’s structural. Legal loopholes, weak oversight, and institutional groupthink have combined to erode the very foundations of free inquiry on campus.

In an ideal world, universities would self-correct – rolling back the rise of DEI orthodoxy and welcoming a renewed spirit of intellectual inquiry. But the evidence, both in Canada and abroad, makes one thing clear: change will not come from within. Reform requires bold policy shifts and even the creation of parallel institutions that restore the values universities once championed. Key areas of action include:

• Enforceable free speech laws: We must move past the 2010s approach, where universities were asked to voluntarily adopt free speech declarations. The UK’s Office for Students provides a working model of regulatory enforcement that protects open expression on campus.

• Public funding reforms: Governments must ensure that taxpayer dollars aren’t used to entrench ideological hiring, training, and grant practices. DEI spending should not be immune from scrutiny.

• Alternative and parallel institutions: Non-governmental actors should be encouraged to create new educational institutions that value rigorous debate and encourage freedom of thought and speech. Examples include the University of Austin, a private university founded in 2021 in response to concerns over growing censorship and ideological conformity in the wider American post-secondary system, and Peterson Academy, which eschews accreditation and instead focuses on open inquiry and a well-rounded education.

• Intra-university centres: The United States and Australia have begun an interesting experiment: placing state-protected “centres” within existing universities that are insulated from institutional speech suppression and backed by either donations or direct state funding, unmediated by the host institution. Canada should pilot this new and experimental approach.

• Strategic takeovers: The transformation of New College of Florida under the DeSantis administration shows how financially failing institutions can be repurposed into beacons of free inquiry. In Canada, recent restrictions on foreign students and the resulting loss of revenue for universities present an opportunity for a similar experimental remaking of universities here.

These reforms are essential to a campus climate where faculty, students, and staff feel equipped to question prevailing orthodoxies. Today, too many “go along to get along” – trapped in a culture of silent compliance.

Government involvement is necessary to salvage the post-secondary system. But supporters of open inquiry should also begin building alternative education options – in case efforts to reform the mainstream post-secondary system are too little, too late.


Le système d’enseignement supérieur, autrefois bastion de recherches et de débats libres, est de plus en plus dominé par le conformisme idéologique. La liberté d’expression est réprimée, et la pensée critique s’affaiblit.

Il s’agit d’un problème non seulement culturel – mais aussi structurel. Les lacunes de la loi et des mesures de surveillance, combinées au conformisme de groupe au sein des institutions, ont érodé les fondements mêmes de la liberté de recherche sur les campus.

Dans un monde parfait, les universités s’amenderaient en favorisant le renouvellement de la réflexion intellectuelle, inversant ainsi la montée de l’orthodoxie DEI. Mais les faits, au Canada comme ailleurs, rappellent une chose : le changement ne viendra pas de l’intérieur. Pour une réforme, il faut modifier radicalement les politiques et même créer des institutions parallèles pouvant rétablir les valeurs autrefois défendues par les universités.

Les domaines clés d’action comprennent :

• Des lois à force exécutoire sur la liberté d’expression: Il faut aller au-delà de ce qui s’est fait dans les années 2010, lorsqu’on a invité les universités à adopter des déclarations visant à assurer la liberté d’expression. L’Office of Students du Royaume-Uni offre un modèle d’application réglementaire pour les campus.

• Des réformes du financement public: Les gouvernements doivent éviter d’utiliser l’argent des contribuables pour hausser l’idéologie au rang de pratiques de recrutement, de formation et de subvention. Les dépenses en DEI ne doivent pas y échapper

• Des institutions de remplacement : Il faut encourager les acteurs non gouvernementaux à créer de nouveaux établissements d’enseignement favorisant les débats approfondis et la liberté de pensée et d’expression. Deux exemples : l’Université d’Austin, institution privée fondée en 2021 pour contrer la censure et les idées conformistes dans le large réseau des universités américaines – et la Peterson Academy, qui privilégie un enseignement rigoureux et une recherche libre sans décerner de diplômes.

• Des centres intra-universitaires: Les États-Unis et l’Australie ont lancé une expérience intéressante à l’intérieur des universités existantes : des « centres » protégés des barrières institutionnelles à l’expression et financés – sans interférence de l’institution hôte – par des dons ou par l’État. Le Canada devrait mettre cette nouvelle approche à l’essai.

• Des acquisitions stratégiques: La transformation du New College of Florida sous l’administration DeSantis montre comment les institutions en difficulté financière peuvent devenir des modèles pour la liberté de recherche. Au Canada, les restrictions récentes touchant les étudiants étrangers et la perte de revenus conséquente présentent aux universités une occasion de réinvention expérimentale similaire.

Ces réformes sont cruciales pour instaurer un environnement académique propice à la remise en question des orthodoxies dominantes par le corps professoral, la collectivité étudiante et le personnel. Actuellement, beaucoup préfèrent éviter les conflits, coincés dans une culture de conformité.

Le gouvernement doit agir pour protéger l’enseignement supérieur. Les partisans de la recherche libre doivent également commencer à construire des options de remplacement – au cas où les efforts de réforme du système traditionnel soient insuffisants et arrivent trop tard.

 

Tags: Lindsay Shepherd

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